| Cassius Chaerea, members of thePraetorian Guard, and others |
41 CE |
Roman Emperor Caligula |
Killed |
|
| Uncertain, reputed to be Agrippina the Younger on behalf of Nero |
54 |
Roman Emperor Claudius |
Killed |
|
| Various freedmen, possibly with the help of the Praetorian Guard |
96 |
Roman Emperor Domitian |
Killed |
|
| Members of the Praetorian Guard |
192 |
Roman Emperor Commodus |
Killed |
|
| Fan Qiang, Zhang Da |
221 |
military general of Shu Han Zhang Fei |
Killed |
|
| Mucapor and members of thePraetorian Guard |
275 |
Roman Emperor Aurelian |
Killed |
|
| Abu Lulu |
600s |
Umar, 3rd Caliph of Islam |
Killed |
|
| Abd-al-Rahman ibn Muljam |
661 |
Ali ibn Abi Talib |
Killed |
|
| Hashshashin |
1192 |
Conrad of Montferrat |
Killed |
|
| Oda Nobunaga |
1557 |
Sengoku period Oda Nobuyuki |
Killed |
|
| Balthasar Gérard |
1584 |
Dutch Stadtholder William the Silent |
Killed |
|
| Unknown |
1900 |
William Goebel, Governor of Kentucky |
Killed |
|
| Gaetano Bresci |
1900 |
King Umberto I of Italy |
Killed |
|
| An Jung-geun |
1909 |
Prime Minister of Japan Itoh Hirobumi |
Killed |
|
| Violet Gibson |
1926 |
Benito Mussolini |
Survived |
|
| Vasil Laçi |
1941 |
Victor Emmanuel III |
Survived |
|
| Jan Kubiš, Jozef Gabčík |
1942 |
SS-Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich |
Killed |
|
| Nathuram Godse |
1948 |
Political and Spiritual Leader Mahatma Gandhi |
Killed |
|
| Jean Bastien-Thiry and the OAS |
1962 |
French President Charles de Gaulle |
Survived |
|
| Huang Wen-hsiung |
1970 |
Vice Prime Minister of Republic of China Chiang Ching-kuo |
Survived |
|
| Prince Faisal bin Musa'id |
1975 |
Saudi King Faisal |
Killed |
|
| Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme |
1975 |
US President Gerald Ford |
Survived |
|
| Sara Jane Moore |
1975 |
US President Gerald Ford |
Survived |
|
| Red Army Faction |
1977 |
German Prosecutor-General Siegfried Buback |
Killed |
|
| Mario Aburto |
1994 |
Mexican Candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio |
Killed |
|
| Unknown, possibly members of theTaliban or the Haqqani network. |
2011 |
Former Afghan President Burhanuddin Rabbani |
Killed |
|
| Rolf Clemens-Wagner, member of theRed Army Faction |
1979 |
Supreme Commander of NATOAlexander Haig |
Survived |
A land mine blew up under the bridge on which Haig's car was traveling, narrowly missing Haig's car and wounding three of his bodyguards in a following car. |
| Michael Abram |
1999 |
George Harrison |
Survived |
Abram broke into Harrison's house and repeatedly stabbed him. |
| Unknown, though believed to be figures within the government of Russia |
2006 |
Former FSB officer Alexander Litvinenko |
Killed |
Acute radiation syndrome via ingestion of polonium-210. See Poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko. |
| Janusz Walus |
1993 |
South African Communist Party leaderChris Hani |
Killed |
Anti-Communist killing |
| Otoya Yamaguchi |
1960 |
Inejiro Asanuma |
Killed |
Asanuma was pierced to assassin's bayonet while making a speech. |
| Talduwe Somarama |
1959 |
Prime Minister of Sri Lanka Solomon Bandaranaike |
Killed |
Assassinated by a Buddhist monk as part of a conspiracy. |
| Satwant Singh and Beant Singh |
1984 |
Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi |
Killed |
Assassinated by personal bodyguards. |
| Ignacy Hryniewiecki |
1881 |
Tsar Alexander II of Russia |
Killed |
Assassination plot concluded with bombs. |
| Unknown, presumed to be Hezbulla in concert with Syrian intelligence services |
2005 |
Former Lebanese Prime Minister and billionaire Rafik Hariri |
Killed |
Assassination via car bomb in Beirut. |
| Unknown |
1993 |
Sri Lankan President Ranasinghe Premadasa |
Killed |
Attack carried out by an LTTE suicide bomber on May Day parade. |
| Yigal Amir |
1995 |
Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin |
Killed |
Attack carried out by Israeli opposed to Oslo Accords. See Assassination of Yitzhak Rabin. |
| János Libényi |
1853 |
Austrian Emperor, King of BohemiaFranz Joseph I of Austria |
Survived |
Attacked with a dagger to the back of the neck. Survived due to the thick collar of his uniform. |
| Oscar Collazo and Griselio Torresola |
1950 |
US President Harry S. Truman |
Survived |
Attempt to draw attention to the Puerto Rico independence movement, in which both attempted killers were active. See Truman assassination attempt. |
| Samuel Byck |
1974 |
US President Richard Nixon |
Survived |
Attempted to hijack a commercial jet with the intention of crashing it into the White House. |
| Karst Tates |
2009 |
Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands and royal family |
Survived |
Attempted to ram the Queen's bus with his car. See 2009 attack on the Dutch Royal Family. |
| Juan María Fernández y Krohn |
1982 |
Pope John Paul II |
Survived |
Attempted to stab the Pope with a bayonet. |
| Juan Orta and Dr. Anthony Verona |
1960 |
Fidel Castro |
Survived |
Attempts to introduce poison supplied by the CIA into Castro's food; Castro supposedly survived 638 assassination attempts in all. |
| Uncertain believed to be Rogelio Moreno instead of Rolando Galman |
1983 |
Philippine Senator Ninoy Aquino |
Killed |
Believed to have been ordered by then President Ferdinand Marcos. |
| Habib Tanious Shartouni |
1982 |
Lebanese President Bachir Gemayel |
Killed |
Bomb explosion in the Phalange's Beirut headquarters. |
| Maxime Brunerie |
2002 |
French President Jacques Chirac |
Survived |
Brunerie attempted to shoot the President during the Bastille Day Military Parade. |
| ETA |
2000 |
Member of the Basque ParliamentFernando Buesa |
Killed |
Car bombing |
| Gavrilo Princip |
1914 |
Austro-Hungarian Archduke Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria |
Killed |
Considered the start of World War I. |
| Men under his aide de camp |
2009 |
President of Guinea Moussa Dadis Camara |
Survived |
Currently in Burkina Faso |
| Richard Paul Pavlick |
1960 |
US President-elect John F. Kennedy |
Survived |
Dec. 11 See: John F. Kennedy |
| Provisional Irish Republican Army |
1984 |
British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher |
Survived |
Detonated a bomb at the Grand Hotel during the Conservative Party Conference in Brighton. |
| François-Joseph Carbon |
1800 |
French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte |
Survived |
Detonated an explosion by the roadside in an attempt to kill Bonaparte, which he narrowly missed. The attempt is referred to as the Plot of the Rue Saint-Nicaise. |
| Charles J. Guiteau |
1881 |
US President James Garfield |
Killed |
Died 80 days following the shooting. See James A. Garfield assassination. |
| Frederick Russell Burnham |
1896 |
Mlimo, the Ndebele religious leader |
Killed |
Effectively ended the Second Matabele War. |
| Byron De La Beckwith |
1963 |
Medgar Evers |
Killed |
Evers, an African American activist and NAACP leader, was shot by De La Beckwith, a Ku Klux Klan member, who was convicted in 1994. |
| Unknown, widely believed to beMossad agents |
2010 |
Mahmoud al-Mabhouh, senior Hamasmilitary commander |
Killed |
Exact cause unknown; possibilities include suffocation, strangulation, and electrocution. See Assassination of Mahmoud al-Mabhouh. |
| Unknown |
1967 |
American Nazi Party founder George Lincoln Rockwell |
Survived |
Fired at twice by a person hiding behind his driveway pillars, narrowly missing his head. |
| John Bellingham |
1812 |
UK Prime Minister Spencer Perceval |
Killed |
First and only U.K. Prime Minister to be assassinated. |
| John Wilkes Booth |
1865 |
US President Abraham Lincoln |
Killed |
First assassination of a sitting United States President. See Assassination of Abraham Lincoln. |
| Richard Lawrence |
1835 |
US President Andrew Jackson |
Survived |
First attempt to kill a US President, Jan. 30. Both guns misfired. |
| Jack Ruby |
1963 |
Lee Harvey Oswald |
Killed |
First live murder ever seen on US television |
| Believed to be Lee Harvey Oswald |
1963 |
US President John F. Kennedy |
Killed |
For general information on the incident, see John F. Kennedy assassination. The US Government's official report concluded that Oswald acted alone, however a subsequent investigation contradicted the Warren Commission's findings. See: House Select Committee on Assassinations (1979) |
| Pazzi Conspiracy |
1478 |
Lorenzo and Giuliano de' Medici |
See notes |
Giuliano died, after being stabbed 19 times, but Lorenzo escaped. |
| Soldiers |
2009 |
President of Guinea-Bissau João Bernardo Vieira |
Killed |
Hacked to death during armed attack on his residence in Bissau. |
| Eugen Schauman |
1904 |
Governor-General of Finland Nikolai Ivanovich Bobrikov |
Killed |
Happens on day described in James Joyce's novel Ulysses, is briefly mentioned in the book |
| Army officers |
1747 |
King Nader Shah |
Killed |
He was able to kill two of the assassins before dying. |
| Unknown, believed to be two ranch workers |
2010 |
Eugène Terre'Blanche, founder of theAfrikaner Weerstandsbeweging in South Africa |
Killed |
He was found hacked and beaten to death at his farm, allegedly killed by two of his workers. |
| Mirza Reza Kermani |
1896 |
King Naser al-Din Shah Qajar |
Killed |
Ironically assassinated on the day of his fiftieth kingship ceremony. |
| Zvezdan Jovanović |
2003 |
Serbian Prime Minister Zoran Đinđić |
Killed |
Jovanović killed his victim with a sniper rifle (a relatively rare type of assassination); he is suspected to have acted for organized crime backers. See Assassination of Zoran Đinđić. |
| Members of the Front de libération du Québec |
1970 |
Vice Premier of Quebec Pierre Laporte |
Killed |
Kidnapped and later killed. One of only two political assassinations in Canadian history. |
| Presumed to be Chechen Islamists |
2004 |
President of Chechnya Akhmad Kadyrov |
Killed |
Killed along with about 30 others in a football stadium during a Soviet Victory Day parade, by a bomb that had been built into the concrete of one of the stadium's supporting columns. |
| Thomas McMahon |
1979 |
Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma |
Killed |
Killed along with three others while on a fishing trip with his family by a bomb planted onto his boat by McMahon. McMahon was a member of the Irish Republican Army, who claimed responsibility for the attack. |
| Chilean DINA agents |
1976 |
Orlando Letelier |
Killed |
Killed by a car bomb, September 21, 1976, along with his American assistant, Ronni Moffitt. |
| Ramón Mercader |
1940 |
Lev Bronstein Trotsky |
Killed |
Killed by a pick-hit on head. |
| Malik Mumtaz Hussain Qadri |
2011 |
Salmaan Taseer, 26th Governor of Punjab |
Killed |
Killed by one of his security guards due to Taseer's opposition to Pakistan's blasphemy laws |
| Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan |
2011 |
Shahbaz Bhatti, Federal Minister for Minorities of Pakistan |
Killed |
Killed due to his opposition to Pakistan's blasphemy laws |
| Eligiusz Niewiadomski |
1922 |
First Polish President Gabriel Narutowicz |
Killed |
Killed five days after his inauguration, while attending the opening of an art exhibit at the Zachęta Gallery inWarsaw. |
| Sonny O'Neill |
1922 |
Michael Collins |
Killed |
Killed in an ambush firefight near the end of Irish Civil War. |
| Thenmuli Rajaratnam |
1991 |
Former Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi |
Killed |
Killed in an explosion triggered by a LTTE suicide bomber. First head of state to be killed by a suicide bomber. See Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi. |
| Larry Layton and other members of the Peoples Temple |
1978 |
Leo Ryan, Congressman from California |
Killed |
Killed in Guyana during an official visit to investigate allegations of abuse of American citizens at theJonestown compound of the Peoples Temple religious organization. See Leo_Ryan#Jungle_ambush. |
| Vlado Chernozemski |
1934 |
Alexander I of Yugoslavia |
Killed |
Killed in Marseille during a state visit. |
| Giuseppe Zangara |
1933 |
Anton Cermak |
Killed |
Killed in Miami, Florida during a visit of president-elect of Franklin Roosevelt. |
| Fritz Joubert Duquesne |
1916 |
Lord Kitchener, British Field Marshal and Secretary of State for War |
Killed |
Killed on the HMS Hampshire after the cruiser struck a mine; Duquesne falsely claimed to have sabotaged Hampshire. |
| Dan White |
1978 |
San Francisco Mayor George Mosconeand Supervisor Harvey Milk |
Killed |
Killed over not reappointing Dan White supervisor. See Moscone–Milk assassinations. |
| Unknown, widely believed to be Islamic militants |
2007 |
Former Prime Minister of Pakistan andPakistan Peoples Party Chair and Opposition Leader Benazir Bhutto |
Killed |
Killed while entering a vehicle upon leaving a political rally for the Pakistan People's Party in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. See Assassination of Benazir Bhutto. |
| Charlotte Corday |
1793 |
French revolutionary Jean-Paul Marat |
Killed |
Later often seen as a patriotic act. |
| Mijailo Mijailović |
2003 |
Swedish Foreign Minister Anna Lindh |
Killed |
Lindh was stabbed while visiting a shopping centre in Stockholm. She died the following morning. |
| A strongman hired by Zhang Liang |
218 BC |
Chinese Emperor Qin Shi Huang |
Survived |
Long-distance heavy hammer (30-kg) throwing; the origin of a Chinese idiom 誤中副車 ("mistakenly hit the escort carriage"). |
| Luigi Lucheni |
1898 |
Empress Elisabeth of Austria |
Killed |
Lucheni attacked the Empress randomly on the street of Geneva, in a senseless act of violence. Elisabeth was stabbed in the heart once with a sharp needle file. Due to her extremely tight corset, she had no idea she has been wounded and collapsed suddenly two hours later due to slow internal hemorrhaging. |
| Casey Brezik |
2010 |
Missouri Governor Jay Nixon |
Survived |
Mistakenly stabbed a college dean in a hallway by a lectern where Nixon was to speak. Brezik told police that he thought he had stabbed Nixon.[2][3][4] |
| Provisional Irish Republican Army |
1991 |
British Prime Minister John Major |
Survived |
Mortar attack during a meeting at 10 Downing Street |
| Mark David Chapman |
1980 |
John Lennon |
Killed |
Obsession with The Catcher in the Rye. See Assassination of John Lennon. |
| Jing Ke |
227 BC |
Chinese Emperor Qin Shi Huang |
Survived |
One of the earliest documented attempts. |
| Patrick J. Whelan |
1868 |
Canadian Member of ParliamentThomas D'Arcy McGee |
Killed |
Only Canadian victim of assassination at the federal level. |
| Unknown |
1842 |
Former Missouri Governor Lilburn Boggs |
Survived |
Orrin Porter Rockwell, a close associate of the Mormon prophet Joseph Smith, Jr., charged but acquitted of all charges. |
| Edward Oxford |
1840 |
Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom |
Survived |
Oxford fired twice, but both bullets missed. |
| Ramzi Yousef |
1995 |
Pope John Paul II |
Survived |
Part of Operation Bojinka. |
| Generally believed to be Nguyen Van Nhung and Duong Hieu Nghia, on orders from Duong Van Minh |
1963 |
President of the Republic of VietnamNgo Dinh Diem |
Killed |
Part of the 1963 South Vietnamese coup. See Arrest and assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem. |
| Uncertain; see main article for theories |
1994 |
Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana and Burundian PresidentCyprien Ntaryamira |
Killed |
Plane carrying the two leaders shot down by unknown attackers with a surface-to-air missile. The attack was the catalyst for the Rwandan Genocide. See Assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira. |
| Group of army officers |
1981 |
Bangladeshi President Ziaur Rahman |
Killed |
Plotted by a faction of officers of Bangladesh Army led by General Abul Monjur. |
| Alexandros Schinas |
1913 |
King George I of Greece |
Killed |
Possible conspiracy. |
| Khalid Islambouli |
1981 |
Egyptian President Anwar Al Sadat |
Killed |
Rare attack carried out by a group. |
| Uncertain, believed to be James Earl Ray or Loyd Jowers |
1968 |
Political activist Martin Luther King, Jr. |
Killed |
Ray was convicted on a guilty plea but later recanted, while a 1999 civil trial convicted Jowers and 'unknown others', while also noting that 'governmental agencies were parties' to the plot. See Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. |
| Jacques Clément |
1589 |
King Henry III of France |
Killed |
Religious-political antagonism. |
| François Ravaillac |
1610 |
King Henry IV of France |
Killed |
Religious-political antagonism. |
| Marcus Junius Brutus, Gaius Cassius Longinus, and others |
44 BC |
Roman Dictator Julius Caesar |
Killed |
Resulted in Civil War and indirectly in the end of the Roman Republic |
| Nguyen Van Cu and Pham Phu Quoc |
1962 |
President of the Republic of VietnamNgo Dinh Diem |
Survived |
See 1962 South Vietnamese Presidential Palace bombing |
| Chen Yi-hsiung |
2004 |
President of Republic of China Chen Shui-bian |
Survived |
See 3-19 shooting incident. |
| Sirhan Sirhan |
1968 |
US Senator Robert F. Kennedy |
Killed |
See Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy. |
| Viktor Ilyin |
1969 |
Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev |
Survived |
See Brezhnev assassination attempt |
| Dipendra |
2001 |
King Birendra of Nepal and other royal family members of same country |
Killed |
See Nepalese royal massacre. |
| Kim Jae-kyu |
1979 |
South Korean President Park Chung-hee |
Killed |
See Park Chung-hee assassination. |
| Mehmet Ali Ağca |
1981 |
Pope John Paul II |
Survived |
See Pope John Paul II assassination attempt. |
| Guy Fawkes |
1605 |
King James I of England, Parliament of England |
Survived |
See the Gunpowder Plot. |
| Claus von Stauffenberg |
1944 |
Chancellor and Führer of GermanyAdolf Hitler |
Survived |
See the July 20 plot. |
| Armia Krajowa |
1944 |
SS and Police Leader of the Warsaw District Franz Kutschera |
Killed |
See the Operation Kutschera. |
| Leon Czolgosz |
1901 |
US President William McKinley |
Killed |
See William McKinley assassination. |
| John Schrank |
1912 |
former US President Theodore Roosevelt |
Survived |
Shot at campaign event; Roosevelt continued with his speech. |
| Unknown |
1864 |
US President Abraham Lincoln |
Survived |
Shot at while riding alone. Though he was not hurt, a bullet hole was discovered in his hat. See the List of United States presidential assassination attempts and plots |
| Unknown, possibly security guards or members of the Obaida Ibn Jarrah Brigade |
2011 |
Abdul Fatah Younis, commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the Libyan Republic |
Killed |
Shot due to his prior history before defecting to the NTC |
| Carl Weiss |
1935 |
US Senator Huey Long |
Killed |
Shot in a Louisiana State Capitol hallway. |
| Dieter Kaufmann |
1990 |
German Federal Minister of the InteriorWolfgang Schäuble |
Survived |
Shot in back and face after an election campaign event in Oppenau. Has been paralysed and using a wheelchair ever since. |
| Uncertain reputed to be various members of SA government and the CCB |
1989 |
Namibian Human Rights Lawyer Anton Lubowski |
Killed |
Shot in front of his home in central Windhoek, Namibia. |
| John Patler |
1967 |
American Nazi Party founder George Lincoln Rockwell |
Killed |
Shot in the chest as he was leaving a laundromat. |
|